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HAITI ARTICLES

A BRIEF HISTORY & LEADERS OF HAITI

by Theodor Vogel

Posted April, 2007
 

Haiti History

Haiti (I)
 1 Jan 1804 Independence (Haiti)
22 Sep 1804 Empire of Haiti
17 Oct 1806 Haiti
17 Feb 1807 State of Haiti
28 Mar 1811 Kingdon of Haiti
 8 Oct 1820 Extinction of the state
Governor-General
 1 Jan 1804 - 22 Sep 1804 Jean-Jacques Dessalines (b. 1758 - d. 1806)
Emperior
22 Sep 1804 - 17 Oct 1806 Jacques I (s.a.)
Provisional Chief
of the Haitian Government
17 Oct 1806 - 17 Feb 1807 Henry Christophe (b. 1767 - d. 1820
President
17 Feb 1807 - 28 Mar 1811 Henry Christophe (s.a.)
King
28 Mar 1811 -  8 Oct 1820 Henry I (s.a)
Haiti (II)
28 Dec 1806 Republic of Haiti
26 Aug 1849 Empire of Haiti
15 Jan 1859 Republic of Haiti
28 Dec 1806 - 27 Jan 1807 Henry Christophe
(Does not take office)
(s.a)
27 Jan 1807 - 10 Mar 1807 Bruno Blanchet (acting) (b. 1760 - d. 1822)
10 Mar 1807 -  9 Mar 1811 Alexandre Sabès, dit Pètion
(1st time)
(b. 1770 - d. 1818)
 9 Mar 1811 - 10 Mar 1811 Jean-Christostôme Imbert
(1st time)(acting)
(b. 1779 - d. 1855)
10 Mar 1811 -  9 Mar 1815 Alexandre Sabè, dit Pètion
(2nd time)
(s.a.)
 9 Mar 1815 - 10 Mar 1815 Jean-Christostôme Imbert
(2nd time)(acting)
(s.a.)
10 Mar 1815 - 29 Mar 1818 Alexandre Sabè, dit Pètion
(3rd time)(acting)
(s.a.)
29 Mar 1818 - 30 Mar 1818 Jean-Christostôme Imbert
(3rd time)(acting)
(s.a.)
30 Mar 1818 - 13 Mar 1843 Jean-Pierre Boyer (b. 1776 - d. 1850)
13 Mar 1843 -  4 Apr 1843 Charles Hèrard sinè dit Rivière
(1st time)(Chief Executive
(b.1787 - d. 1850)
 4 Apr 1843 -  5 Apr 1843 Provisional Government  
- José Maria Imbert  
  - Volaire (b. .... - d. 1843)
  - Philippe Guerier (b. 1757 - d. 1845)
- N. Segretier (b. .... - d. ....)
 5 Apr 1843 -  2 May 1844 Charles Hèrard sinè dit Rivière
(2nd time)
Chief of Provisional
Government to 4 Jan 1844)
(s.a.)
   Apr 1844 -        1844 Louis jean-Jacquies Acaau
(General, in charge of Grievances
in rebellion)
(b. .... - d. 1846)
 3 May 1844 - 15 Apr 1845 Philippe Guerrier (s.a.)
15 Apr 1845 - 16 Apr 1845 Council of Secretaries of State  
  - Alexis Beaubrun Ardouin (b. 1796 - d. 1865)
  - Jcques Sylvain Gelin Hyppolite (b. 1784 - d. 1857)
  - Jean Paul (b. 1800 - d. 1872)
  - ....  
16 Apr 1845 -  1 Mar 1846 Jeon-Louis Pierot (b. 1765 - d. 1857)
 1 Mar 1846 - 27 Feb 1847 Jean-Baptists Riché (b. 1776 - d. 1847)
27 Feb 1847 -  1 Mar 1847 Council of Secretaries of State  
  - Léonce Bernard (b. 1895 - d. 1964)
  - George Bretous (b. 1903 - d. ....)
  - Stuart Cambronns (b. 1903 - d. ....)
  - Antoine Pierre-Paul
(to 24 Apr 1957)
(b. 1881 - d. ....)
  - Vilfort Beauvoir
(to 24 Apr 1957)
(b. 1892 - d. ....>
  - Weber Michaud (b. 1902 - d. ....)
  - Seymour Lamohe
  - Raoul Daguilh (b. 1887 - d. ....)
  - Théodore A. Nicoleau
to 24 Apr 1957)
(b. 1917 - d. ....)
  - Ernest B. Danache (b. 1917 - d. ....)
  - Emmanuel Bruny (b. 1915 - d. ....)
  - Max Bolté (b. 1920 - d. ....)
  - Grégoire Eugène (b. 1924 - d. ....)
20 May 1956 - 25 May 1957 Léon Cantave
(2nd time)
(Army Chif of General Staff)
(s.a)
25 May 1957 - 14 Jun 1957 Daniel Fignolé (provisional) (b. 1914 - d. 1986)
14 Jun 1957 - 22 Oct 1957 Antonio Thrasybule Kebreau
(Chairman Military Council)
(b. 1909 - d. 1963)
22 Oct 1957 - 21 Apr 1971 Francois Duvalier
Chief of the revolution 15-22 May 1963)
(b. 1907 - d. 1971)
 21 Apr 1971 -  6 Feb 1986 Jean-Claude Duvalier (b. 1951)
 6 Feb 1986 -  7 Feb 1988 Henri Namphy (1st Time)
(Chairman National Council)
(b. 1932)
 7 Feb 1988 - 20 Jun 1988 Leslie Manigat (b. 1930)
20 Jun 1988 - 17 Sep 1988 Henri Namphy (2nd Time) (s.a.)
17 Sep 1988 - 10 Mar 1990 Prosper Avril (b. 1937)
10 Mar 1990 - 13 Mar 1990 Hérard Abraham (Interim) (b. 1940)
13 Mar 1990 -  7 Jan 1991 Ertha Pascal-Trouillot (f)
(1st time) (provisional)
(b. 1943)
 7 Jan 1991 - (hours) Roger Lafontant (provisional) (b. 19.. - d. 1991)
 7 Jan 1991 -  7 Feb 1991 Ertha Pascal-Trouillot (f)
(2nd time) (provisonal)
(s.a.)
 7 Feb 1991 - 30 Sep 1991 Jean-Bertrad Aristide
(1st time)
(b. 1953)
 1 Oct 1991 -  8 Oct 1991 Raul Cédras
Leader of military junta)
(b. 1949)
 8 Oct 1991 - 19 Jun 1992 Joseph Nérette (Provisional) (b. 1924)
19 Jun 1992 - 15 Jun 1993 Marc Bazin (acting) (b. 1932)
16 Jun 1993 - 12 May 1994 Jean-Bertrand Aristide
(2nd time)
(in exile, but recognized in Haiti)
(s.a.)
12 May 1994 - 12 Oct 1994 Emile Jonassaint
(Provisional)
(b. 1913 - d. 1995)
12 Oct 1994 -  7 Feb 1996 Jean-Bertrand Aristide (3rd time) (s.a.)
 7 Feb 1996 -  7 Feb 2001 René Préval (b. 1943)
 7 Feb 2001 - 29 Feb 2004 Jean-Bertrand Aristide (4th time) (s.a.)
29 Feb 2004 - Present Boniface Alexandre (provisional) (b. 1936)

PRIME MINISTERS 

 9 Feb 1988 - 20 Jun 1988 Martiel Célestin (b. ....)
13 Feb 1991 - 11 Oct 1991 René Préval (s.a.)
11 Oct 1991 - 19 Jun 1992 Jean-Jacques Honorat (interim) (b. 1931)
19 Jun 1992 - 30 Aug 1993 Marc Bazin (s.a.)
30 Aug 1993 -  8 Nov 1994 Robert Malval (b. 1943)
 8 Nov 1994 -  7 Nov 1995 Smarck Michel (b. 1937)
 7 Nov 1995 - 27 Feb 1996 Claudette Werleigh (f) (b. 1946)
27 Feb 1996 - 20 Oct 1997 Rosny Smarth (b. 1940)
26 Mar 1999 -  2 Mar 2001 Jacques-Edouard Alexis (b. 1947)
 2 Mar 2001 - 15 Mar 2002 Jean Marie Chérestal (b. 1947)
15 Mar 2002 - 12 Mar 2004 Yvon Neptune (b. 1946)
12 Mar 2004 - Present Gérard Latortue (b. 1934)
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